suiis§ø¥Á¤j·|
suiis¹Ï®ÑÀ]
suiis§ø¥Á¬¡°Ê¤¤¤ß
suiis§ø¥Á§G§iÄæ
|
||
|
||
|
ÃöÃh¥Í©R¨ó·| ªº±MÄæ §@ªÌ¡G©Ð°ÒµX¡þ®È¬ü§@®a¡AÃöÃh¥Í©R¨ó·|¸q¤u ¦b¤@¯ë¤Hªº¦L¶H¤¤¡A¹«~¼s§i¸Ìªº¨Å¤ûÌ¡A±u«â¦b¬X³nªº«C¯ó¦a¤W¡A¨N¯D©M·»P¶§¥ú¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A³o¼Ëªº³õ´º¥u¥X²{¦b¥b¥@¬ö«eªº¯bªª¹A³õ¡C¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô«á¤Î¦Ü¤¤Q¦~¥N¡A¤p³W¼Òªº¯bªª©|¥¼¤u·~¤Æ¡A¥Í²£¶q¦³¡A¤HÌ®ø¯Ó¨Ó¦Û°Êª«ªº¹«~¥ç¦³¸`¨î¡C¦Û±q¤»¤Q¦~¥N¤¤´Á¡A¶Ç²Î¯bªª³QÃe¤jªº¶°¬ù¾i´Þ¥ø·~ÃbÂ_¡A°Êª«³q³q³QÃö¶i¤u¼t¦¡ªº¤ôªd¡B¿ûÅK¥}¨c¡A±q¦¹®ø¥¢¦b¤H̪ºµø³¥¤¤¡C¯bªªÂ૬P¨Ï¥Í²£¶q¿¼W¡Aµ¥©ó¬O¹ªÀy®ø¶OªÌ°¾«¨Å¦×²£«~¡Cé«d©Êªº¸gÀÙ¨î«×»PªÀ·|¤W´¶¹Mªº¹¦×²ß©Ê ( ¨C¦~¥þ¥@¬É¤H¤fn¦Y±¼70»õÓ¹A³õ°Êª«)(1)¡A²o³s¨ì¬Û·íºò¢ªº°Ê«O»PÀô¹ÒÛ²zijÃD¡C«D¦P©ó¤¤Q¦~¥N¡A¤µ¤é¤j®a¨C¤Ñ¦Y³Ü¨É¨üªº¦×Ãþ¡B¨Å¹T¡BÂû³J¡B³t¹©±·G»ùº~³ù¡A¦³99%¬O¨Ó¦Û±K«Ê¦¡¹A³õ¸Ìªº°Êª«¡C±K¶°¾i´Þ¥ø·~( intensive factory farming ) ¥i»¡¬O»P¯Çºé¶°¤¤Àç¨î¦P¥X¤@Âá¡C¦Ã©ªº¤u¼t¸Ì¡A±Æ¦CþÓ¤W¸UÓ©M§A¡B§Ú¡B¥L¤@¼Ë·|®£Äß¡B·|µh¡B·|¥Í¯f¡B¶åı±Ó·Pªº¦³±¡¥Í©R ( nª¾¹D½Þªº¶åın¤ñ¤HÃþ°ª¥X¤G¤d¿ )¡C ¹Ï¤ù¨Ó¦Ûºô¸ô ¤j¦h¼Æªº¤HÃöÃh®a®xÃdª«©Î³¥¥Í°Êª«¡A¦Ó¹ï³Q¼ÐÅÒ¬°¹«~ªº½Þ¡B¤û¡BÂûµ¥¡A¤@¥Í¦b¬r®ð¤¤( methane, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide...)e©µ´Ý³Ýªº¨Æ¹êúÒµL°Ê©ó°J¡C³o¬O¦]¬°¦×¹¤å¤Æ±N쥻ÄÝ·NÃѥͩRªº½dÃ¥¡AÂà´«¬°»P¤vµLÃöµhÄoªº¡A¦p¤û±Æ¡B¤õ»L¡B¬µÂûµ¥µ¥¹«~½dÃ¥¡C¦p¦¹¡A¨}¤ß¤WÀþ¶¡ªº¤£¦wÀH§Y³QÓ¤Hªº¶Ý¦×Â}( carnism ) ¨ú¦Ó¥N¤§¡A¦ü¥G´N¤£·|¯A¤Î¹D¼w°ÝÃD¡C´x±±¸gÀÙªº¯bªª°]¹Î¡A¯S¦a¹µ¥Î¬Fµ¦¹C»¡ªÌ¨Ó¨ó§U³q¹L»P¤v¦³§Qªºªk®×¡AÀ£¨î§ÜijÁn®ö¡A¨Ã¥H¤£¹êªº«Å¶Ç¨Ó»~¾É®ø¶OªÌ¡C¥¿¦]¬°¦¹¡A¯ó®Ú¡u¯À¹¹B°Ê¡v( The vegan movement)À³¹B¦Ó°_¡A¥i»¡¬O¾ú¥v¤W³Ìº«©³ªºªÀ·|¥¿¸q¹B°Ê (2)¡C¦¹¹B°Ê¦b1944¦~¥Ñ^°ê¡uºû®ÚªÀ·|¡v( Vegan Society ) µo°_¡A¦A¦¥i°l·¹¨ì1806¦~¡A®öº©¸Ö¤H³·µÜ ( Percy Bysshe Shelley )¤½¶}¤Ï¹ï¹¥ÎÂû³J©M¤û¥¤¡C·í¦~¡uºû®ÚªÀ·|¡v¥u¦³25Ó·|û¡A¤C¤Q¦~«á¡A^¡B¬ü¡B¼w¡Bªk¦U¦³¤W¦Ê¸Uªº¯À¹¤H¤f¡C¸Ó·|¹ï¡uºû®Ú¥D¸q¡v( veganism, §Y¥þ¯À¥Í¬¡) ©Ò¤Uªº©w¸q¬O¡uÓ¤H¦b¦ç¹¦í¦æ¦U¤è±¤£¥Î¥ô¦ó°Êª«²£«~¡v¡A¨ä©ÒÃö¤Áªº¹ï¶H¬O¤Ñ¦a²³¥Í¡C¡uvegan¡v³q±`¬O«ü¯Â¯À¶¼¹ªÌ¡C ¤Q¦~«e¡A¦b¤@¯ëªÀ¥æ³õ±¡A¡u¯À¹¡vÁÙ¥u¬O¤@Ó§NªùªºÃä½t¸ÜÃD¡A´¿´X¦ó®É¡A¦b³o´X¦~¨Ó¤w¸g¬O¤H̼ô±xªº¦r²´¡C®Ú¾ÚGoogle·j¯Á¤ÞÀº¡A2015¦~¦³Ãö¡u¯À¹¡v( vegan ) ªº·j¯Á¤ñ2014¦~¼W¥[¤F32%¡A¤Î¦Ü2016¦~¡Aµuµu¤Q¤GӤ뤺¤w¼W¥[¨ì90%¡C¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¯À¹Æ[©À¤w¿Ä¤J¥D¬y·NÃÑ¡C¦¹¹B°Êªº¥Dn¦¨û¬O·s¥@¥N«C¦~ ( millennial¡A¥X¥Í¦b1980 -2000 ¦~¤§¶¡)¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡Aµ§ªÌ©~¦íªº¤p«°¦³¤@©Ò¤åõ¾Ç°| ( Saint John's College )¡A¾Ç¥Í¨Ó¦Û¬ü°ê¦U¦{¡A®Õ¤è´L«¤j®aªº«Øij¡A¨C¤é¨ÑÀ³ªº¤TÀ\¥H¦³¾÷¯À¹¬°¥D¡C¦P¼Ë¡A¬ü°êIvy League±`¬KÃäj¾ÇC¾|¡B«¢¦ò¡B½Ã´µ²zµ¥¥ç¤w±È°_¤@ªÑ¯À¹®ö¼é¡C¥Ø«e¡A¤×¨ä¬O¦b¼w°ê¡B^°ê¡B¬ü°ê¡A¯À¹¤H¤f¤£Â_¼W¥[¡A¤j¦h¼Æ¦b34·³¥H¤U¡C2006¦~¡A^°ê¯À¹¤H¤f¬°150,000¡A²{¦b¤w¼W¥[¤F 350% ¡C¦b¥xÆW¥Ñ«C¤Ö¦~±a°Êªº¯À¹¹B°Ê ( ¦³§O©ó¦ò±Ðªº¯À¹¶Ç²Î)¦b°ê»Ú¤W¥ç¥O¤HÆf¥Ø(3)¡C¯À¹²Õ´¦p«B«á¬Kµ«¡A¯É¯É¦¨¥ß¡A¨Ò¦p¡u¯Â¯À¬°¤°»ò¡v¡B ¡u¤Ñ¤UµL¦×¡v¡B¡uû{ºû®Ú¡v¡B¡u¯Â¯À30¤Ñ¡v¡B¡u¹ª«ª¾±¡Åv¡v¡B¡u°Êª«°}½u¡v¡B¡u¬F¤j°Êª«¤§¥Í¡v¡B¡u°ß¯À¥D¸q¡vµ¥¡C¥L̴®𽴫k¡A¥H¨§@«h¨Ó±À¦æ¯À¹ªÀ±Ð¡A¦VªÀ·|´¦ÅS¶°¬ù¹A³õªº´c¦Hª¬ªp¡C¨ä¤¤¡A¡u¥xÆW¯À¹Àç¾i¾Ç·|¡vÁÙ¼ö¤ß´£¨Ñ¸ÔºÉªº¯À¹Àç¾iª¾ÃÑ¡AÀ°§U¥Á²³¸Ñ°£¹ï¯Â¯À¶¼¹ªººÃ¼{¡A¥i¨£·s¥@¥N¹ï¦×¹¦M¾÷»P¥¼¨Ó¦a²y¦sÄòªºÃö¤Á¡C ¹Ï¤ù¨Ó¦Û PETA ¯À¹¹B°Ê¬O¸Ñ©ñ°Êª«ª½±µ¦æ°Ê³Ì«nªº¤@Àô¡C¥»¤å¬O¤ÀªR©Êªº³ø¾É¦¹¹B°Ê§Ö³t¦¨ªø©Ò¯A¤Î´XÓ¥DnªºªÀ·|¡B¤å¤Æ¦]¯À : 1. ´CÅé¤Îºô¸ôÃn¥ú : ³q¹Lºô¸ô¸ê°T¤ÎÁy®ÑÂà¸ü¡A´¦µo³QÄY±K«ÊÂê°Êª«¶°¤¤À窺¤º¹õ (4)¡CÁ|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡A¤û¥¤¶¼®ÆªºI«á¨Æ¹ê¬O±N¤û¥À¿Ë·í§@¥Í²£¤û¥¤ªº¡u¾÷¾¹¡v(milk machine )¡A³Q¢«½Æ¤H¤u¨ü¥¥¡Aªø¦~§Ô¨ü¥Í²z( ¤£Â_¨ü¥¥) »P¤ß²z¤W( ·R¤l³Q§T¨«) ªºµhW¡C¤p¤û¥X¥Í¨â¤Ñ¤§«á¡A¥|ªÏ©|¥¼¯¸Ã¡A§Y³Q¢Â÷¶}¥À¿Ë¡A¨S¦³¥À¥¤¤¤ªº§ÜÅé©M³J¥Õ½è¡A³\¦h¤p¤û¦]¸¡Âm¦Ó¦º¤`¡A³o¥u¤£¹L¬O¶°¬ù¹A³õ¤¤ªº¤@´º¡C¯À¹¹B°Ê´N¬On±N¨ä´c¦æ¤½½Ñ©ó¥@¡A¨Ï¤HÌ»{²M¨Æ¹ê¡A§@¬°·í«e¸gÀÙÅé¨î¥D¶bªº¥ø·~¡A¨ä¿Ñ§Q¤â¬q¬O¹ï»õ¸U¥ÍÆFªº¢®`¤Î¤j±O±þ ( ¨Ò¦p½Þ¡A¨C¤p®É±þ¤@¤dÓ¡A¦p¦¹«ç»ò¥i¯à½Íªº¤W¤H¹D±O®_? )¡C³\¦h¤H¦b¤F¸Ñ¯u¬Û¤§«á¡A©ñ±óì¨Óªº¶¼¹²ßºD¡A¥H¦æ°Ê¨Ó©è¨î¡C¤j«¬³sÂê°Ó®a¦pMcDonald »PWalmart¡A¥Ñ©ó´CÅ骺t±³ø¾É¡A¤w©Ó¿Õ¨ä¾P°âªºÂû³J©M¨Å¦×«~±N¨Ó¦Û«D¨cÅ¢¨îªº§åµo°Ó¡C 2.°Êª«¸Ñ©ñ°}½u°ª®Ä²vªº¹B§@: ¨Ò¦p¡u¼§±¤°Êª«¡v( Mercy For Animals )(5)¬O¬ü°ê«O½Ã¹A·~°Êª«°ª®Ä²vªº¦æ°Ê²Õ´¡C¸Ó·|¤H¤~îPµÑ¡A¥]¬Aªk«ßÅU°Ý¡Bµ¦²¤¥ø¹º¡B·t¦a½Õ¬d¡B´CÅé³sµ¸¡B¬ã¨s¡B¥Xª©¡B±Ð¨|¡BªÀ°Ï¤Î®Õ¶é¯À¹±À¦æ¬¡°Ê¡A¤j®a¤À¤u¦X§@¡A±Ä¥Î¦hºÞ¹D¦æ°Ê¨Ó¹ê²{°Ê«O²z©À¡C¨ä¹B§@½d³ò¥]¬A¥_¬ü¡B«n¬ü¡B¤¤°ê¡B¦L«×( ¤H¤f±K«×³Ì°ªªº)¡C³Ð¿ì¤HPeter Robertsì¥ý´¿¸gÀç¥Í²£¤û¥¤ªº¯bªª·~¡A«á¨Ó©ñ¤U±O¤M¡A»}Ä@¦æµÐÂĹD¡C¦h¦~¨Ó¡A¸Ó²Õ´¸g±`¼ç¤J¶°¬ù¹A³õ¡A¶i¦æ¹ê¦a°»¬d¡B¿ý¼v¡A´¦µo¤F¤£ ¤Öh«Ý°Êª«ªº®×¥ó¡A¨Ã·þ«P°ê·|¼W×°Ê«Oªk¬Fµ¦¡C¨ä¥¦¦p¡uCompassion in World Farming¡v, ¡uFarm Animal Reform Movement¡v, ¡uFarm Sanctuary¡v, ¡uThe Humane Farming Association¡v, ¡uPETA¡v, ¡uHSUS¡v¥H¤Î¥xÆWªº¡u°Êª«ªÀ·|¬ã¨s·|¡vµ¥²Õ´¡A¤]¦A±µ¦A¼F¡A°£¤F¥[±j±Ð¨|¥Á²³§Ù°£¶Ý¦×Â}¡AÁÙ¦V¥ßªk°|¤Î¾i´Þ·~¥æ¯A¡A¥H«P¶i¨î«×¤Wªº§ïµ½¡C 3. ºñ¦â¹B°Ê ( The Green Movement )ªº§U°}: ¬°¤F¤ñ¸û¤@¯ë¤Hªº¶¼¹²ßºD»P·Å«Ç®ÄÀ³¤§¶¡ªº¦]ªGÃöÁp¡A¤û¬z¤j¾Ç ªº¤@¶µ¬ã¨s ( Oxford Martin School study )¬O¤jP±N¶¼¹¦æ¬°¤À¬°°¾¦×ªº¡B¥b¯À¹ªº(¥]¬A³J¤Î¨Å«~)¡B¯Â¯Àªº¡C¬ã¨sµ²½×¬O¯Â¯À¶¼¹¬O¸Ñ¨M¦a²y·x¤Æ³Ì¦³®Äªº³~®|¡C¨Æ¹êÃÒ©ú¡A¹M§G¦b¼Ú¡B¬ü¡B¨Èªº¶°¬ù¹A³õ¤w¸g«Â¯Ù¨ì¾ãӥͺA¨t²Î (6)¡CÄ´¦p¡A¥Í²£¤û¦×¥²¶·n®ø¯Ó¤j¶qªº¤ô¡B³¹¡A§ó¬O¹ï¤gÄ[¡B«BªLªº«Â¯Ù( ¥@¬É³Ì¤jªº¨È°¨»¹«BªL¦³91% ¤w¾D¯}Ãa)¡A¦Ó¥Í²£½Þ¦×©MÂû¦×ªº¼o¤ô±Æ©ñ ( ¥þ²y¹A³õ°Êª«¨C¤ÀÄÁ²£¥Í700¸U½Sªº±Æªnª« )¡A¾ÉP¤ô·½¡Bªe¬y¡Bªu®ü¦a°Ïªº¦Ã¬V¡CÁp¦X°êªºÀô¹Òp¹º ( United Nations Environment Program ) ¦¤w¦b2010 ¦~n¨D¦U°ê´î¤Ö¨Å¦×«~ªº®ø¯Ó (7)¡C¬ì¾Ç¬É¥ç·V«Äµ§i¡A¨Ó¦Û¤H¬°ªº¬¡°Ê¡A¯S§O¬O°Êª«¾i´Þ¹Lµ{¤¤±Æ¥Xªº®ñ¤Æ¨È´á¤Î¥ÒÖJ®ð¬O³y¦¨·Å«Ç®ðÅé®ÄÀ³¤Î®ðÔÅܾEªº´c©Ê¦]¯À¡A°ª©~²Ä¤G¦ì¡C¨ä©Ò±Æ©ñªº®ò®ð¬O§Î¦¨»Ä«Bªº¥D¦] ( acid-rain-causing ammonia)¡A±N¾ãӥͺAÀô¹Ò»Ä©Ê¤Æ( acidification of the whole eco system )(8)¡C±¹ï¤é¯qÄY«ªºÀô¹Ò¦M¾÷¡AÀô«O»P°Ê«O¤H¤h¬°¤F¦@¦P¥Ø¼Ð¡AÁp°L±À¦æ¯À¹¡C¨âªÌ¦b©Ê½è¤W¤ñ¸û°_¨Ó¡A¸Ñ©ñ°Êª«ªº¯À¹¹B°Ê¡A¥Øªº¬On¬ð¯}¤H̦Y¦×¤ß²zªº¨¾¿m¾÷´¼¡A¦b¬Fªv¤W¤Ï¹ï¤j¸ê¥»¥ø·~»P¬F«Èªº¦ê³s¡Ae¦P¨ä¹ï½Þ¡B¤û¡BÂûµ¥¤£¤H¹Dªº³B¸m¡A¦Óºñ¦âÀô«O¤Î®ðÔ¯À¹ªÌ(climate vegan )¬O¦bªÖ©w¯À¹¬°§CºÒªº¡u¥ÃÄò¹ª«¡v( sustainable food )¡A¨ä©ÒÃö¤ßªº¬O¥ÍºA°IºÜ¡C 4.¾Ç³N¬Éªº±´°Q: ¤C¤Q¦~¥NÃö¤ß°Êª«Û²z( animal ethics )ªº¾ÇªÌ©}«ü¥i¼Æ¡A¨ä¤¤¤ñ¸ûª¾¦Wªº¬O©¼±o¨¯®æ¡Cªñ´X¦~¨Ó¡Aõ¾Ç¡B°Êª«¤Îªk«ß¾ÇªÌµoªí¬ÛÃöªº½×¤å¤ÎµÛ§@¥O¤H¥Ø¤£·v±µ¡C ¬ü°ê¤j¾Ç¦pNYU, Washington University, Michigan, Colorado State University, Wesleyan University, ¥[®³¤jªºBrock University µ¥¡A¤w¼W³]¤F°Êª«¬ã¨s½Òµ{( animal studies ©Îanimal critical studies)(9)¡A¤º®e¦h¼Ë¦ÓÂ×´I¡A¥]¬A°Êª«»P¤HªºÃö«Y ¡B°Êª«¦b¤HÃþªÀ·|§êºtªº¨¤¦â¡B°Êª«Åv¤ÎªÀ·|¥¿¸q( ¤HÃþ¹ï°Êª«ªº¹D¼w¸q°È )¡B°Êª«ªk«ß¦a¦ì¡B°Êª«¹D¼wÅvµ¥Ä³ÃD¡C°ò¥»¤W¬O±q·s¼fµøõ¾Ç»PÛ²z¾Ç¤¤¼ç¦bªºª«ºØ±Úª[µø ( speciesism )¡A¥i¨£°Êª«Åv²z©À¤w¨ü¨ì¾Ç³N¬Éªº«µø¡C¤ñ¸û©úÅ㪺¨Ò¤l¦p·í¥Nªk°ê¤jõ¼w¦è¹F( Jacques Derrida ) ±N°Êª«Ä³ÃD¤Þ¶i¼Ú³°õ¾Ç¡A½èºÃ¤HÃþ¤¤¤ß( anthropocentrism) ªº«ä¦Ò¼Ò¦¡¡A¨Ã°l·¹¡B¤ÀªR¾ÉP¹D¼wÂ_¼hªº¡u¥Í©R¶¥¯ÅÆ[¡vªº¾ú¥vI´º¡A¥Øªº¬On©î°£¶Ç²Îõ¾Çªº¤G¤¸½×¡A¦]¬°¤H»P«D¤H°Êª« ( nonhuman animals ) ¤£¥µ¥ªº¹ï«ÏÃö«Y¡Aµ¥©ó¬O¦bÀq³\¥HÂù«¼Ð·Ç¨Ó¦X²z¤Æ¹ï«D¤H¥Í©Rªºé«d¡A³o¬O¬°¤°»ò¤@¯ë¤H¹ï°Êª«¶°¤¤À窺Àb¤H²{¶Hºz¤£Ãö¤ß¡C¬JµM°Êª«¤Ñ½á¦³¦Û¥ÑÅv¡A¥ç¨ã¿W¯Sªº¡u¤H®æ©Ê¡v( personhood )¡A¦P¼Ë¯à·NÃÑ¡B¸gÅç¨ì¦Û¨ªº¾D¹J©M³B¹Ò¡A¨º»ò¬°¤°»ò¹D¼w¦Ò¶q¥u¤Î©ó¤H?¦p¦¹±qõ¾Ç«ä¿ë¨Ó¨Ì²z±À½×¡A¤Á¤J¤@Ó¤½¥¿¡B¦X±¡¦X²zªº¥Í©R»ùÈ«ä¦Ò¼h±¡A¨Ò¦p¥vÃhõªº´¶¹MÛ²z·§©À ( universal ethics )¡C³Ì«nªº¬O°Êª«Û²z´£¨Ñ¤F¡u°Êª««D¨p¦³°]²£¡vªºÅÞ¿è½×ÃÒ¡A¤]´N¬O»¡¡A«D¤H°Êª«¤£¥i³Q·í§@¥æ©öªº°Ó«~¡C 5. °ê»Ú®ø¶OÁÍ¶Õ : ¼Ú¬ü¤@¯ë¶W¯Å¥«³õ¤ÎÀ\¶¼·~¨ÑÀ³¨Å¦×¥N´À¯À¹«~ (Alternative Meatless produce ) ¤w¬O¬Û·í´¶¹Mªº²{¶H¡C¼w°ê¦b¥»¥@¬ö¦¨¬°¥@¬Éº®u¯À¹°ê®a(10)¡AÁöµM¼w°ê¤Hªº¶Ç²Î¥D¹¬O»¸zµ¥¦×Ãþ¡C¬fªLªº¡uVeganz¡v¬O¼Ú¬w²Ä¤@ӯ¯À³sÂê¶W¯Å¥«³õ¡A¤w¦³10Ó¤À¦æ¡A¨ÑÀ³4500ºØ«D°Êª«²£«~¡CÛ´°¡B¤Ú¾¤¡B¿D¬w¥ç¤£¸¨«á¡A¥é³ËÃþ¦ü¸gÀç¡C¦b¬ü°ê¡A¦³ªº¥N´À¹«~¶¼®ÆÁÙ¥[¤FB-12¤Î¶t½è¨Ó¸É¥R¯À¹Àç¾i¡C°·±d¾÷ºc¨Ò¦p¡u¬ü°ê¶¼¹¨ó·|¡v ( American Dietetic Association ) (11)¤ÎµÛ¦Wªº±ö奥Âå°| (Mayo Clinic ) µ¥¡A¤]³£¦b¹ªÀy¯À¹ ( aplant-based diet )¡C¦Û1920 ¦~¥H¨Ó¡A¯Ã¬ù¦{¸gÀç§åµo¤û¥¤ªº¡uElmhurst Dairy¡v¬OªF³¡³Ì¤jªº¤û¥¤¼t°Ó¡A¨ÑÀ³¤W¦Ê¸U¤H¤f¡C¤E¤Q¦~«á¡A¦]¬°¾P°â²v¤£Â_¤U°¡A¥u¦n©ñ±ó¤û¥¤¥Í²£¡C¸Ó¤½¥q¤w±N¡uElmhurst Dairy¡v§ï¦W¬°¡u Elmhurst¡v¡A²£«~§¹¥þ¬O¨Ó¦Û´Óª«ªº¶¼®Æ¡C¬ü°êªº¡uPlant Power¡v¤½¥q¤w±Nì¨Ó¦b¸t¦a¤úôªº¡uº~³ù¤ý¡v( Burger King )³sÂꩱ§ïÀY´«±¬°¯Â¯À³t¹³sÂꩱ¡A¨ÑÀ³¯Àº~³ù¡Cºî¤W©Òz¡A¡ut³d®ø¶O¡v·NÃѤw¸g¦¨¬°°ê»ÚªºÁͶաC¯Â¯À¶¼¹¤é¯q§§¤jªºÁn®ö¡A¥¿¬O¹ï¹M¤Î¼Ú¡B¬ü¡B¨È¬w¶°¬ù¹A³õ¨îªº±j¯P¤ÏÀ»¡C ¡u¥ÍºA¼~¼{¡v(eco-anxiety) ¬O¤ß²z¾Çªº·s¦Wµü¡A¯À¹¥D¸qªÌ¤ñº¸»\¯÷ (¹Ï¤ù¨Ó¦Ûºô¸ô)¨Æ¹ê·U¨Ó·U©úÅã¡A®ðÔÅܾE¡B°Êª«¯E§T¡B¯à·½¯Ó·l¥H¤Î¤HÃþ°·±d°ÝÃD¬°¥»¥@¬ö±Á{ªº¥|¤j¦M¾÷¡A¨ä¤¤¡A¥þ²y¾i´Þ·~³y¦¨ªº·Å«Ç®ÄÀ³»·¶W¹L¨T¨®¤Î¤u¼tªº¦Ã¬V(12-I)¡C¸Ñ¨M³o¨Ç°ÝÃDªº®Ú¥»³~®|ÁÙ±o±q§ïÅܤH̪º®ø¶O¡B¶¼¹²ßºD¨ÓµÛ¤â¡A¨Ò¦p¥»¤ë¥÷¡u¤j¦è¬vÂø»x¡v( The Atlantic ) ¤@½g¤å³¹«Øij¡u¥H¨§Ãþ¨ú¥N¤û¦×¡v( If Everyone ate Beans Instead of Beef )(12-II)¡C¦³Å³©ó¦¹¡A¬ü°êº´I¤ñº¸»\¯÷( Bill Gates )¡A¥H¨ä©ú´¼ªº¸gÀÙµ¦²¤¨Ó±À¼s¯À¹ (13-I)¡A¶É¤O¤ä«ù¡u¯À¦×¤½¥q¡v( Beyond Meat )(13-II)ªº¥øµe¡B¬ã¨s¡B»s³y¡B¥Í²£¡u´Óª«¦×«~¡v¤uµ{¡A¥Øªº¬On¨ú¥N¥ÍÂû¦×¤Îº~³ù¥Í¦×»æ( raw patty )¡A¦Ó¥B°ò¥»¦¨¤À¡BÀç¾i»P¦×Ãþ§¹¥þ¬Û²Å ( amino acids, lipids, and water, plus some trace minerals and trace carbohydrates )¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A½Þ¦×¡B¤û¦×¡BÂû¦×¨Ã¤£¨£±o¤@©wn¨Ó¦Û°Êª«¡C¬Æ¦Ü¬ü°ê³Ì¤jªº¦×Ãþ¥Í²£¥ø·~¡uTyson Foods¡v¡A¥ç¬°¡u¯À¦×¤½¥q¡v§ë¸êªÌ¤§¤@¡C¬ü°ê¤w¦³¥|¤d¦h®a¶W¯Å¥«³õ¾P°â¸Ó¤½¥qªº²£«~¡C 6. ¹¦w°ÝÃD : Âå¾ÇÅv«Â¹ï°¾¹°Êª«²£«~¦¤w´£¥Xĵ§i¡A´CÅé¥ç¸g±`³ø¾ÉÃö©ó°ö®Ú¡B¤û±Æ¡Bº~³ù¡B½Þ±Æ¡B¤õ»L¡B¬µÂû¡B°_¥q¡B ¤û¥¤µ¥¨Å¦×¹ª«¹ïÓ¤H°·±dªº¦M®`(14-I, 14-II)¡A«Pµo¤F²³¦h ®ø¶OªÌ§ï¥Î¯À¹ªº°Ê¾÷¡C¤@¯ë¤H¤ñ¸ûÃö¤ß¨Å¦×¹«~¬O§_¦w¥þªºÄ³ÃD¡A©Ò¥Hµ§ªÌ¦b¦¹¥H¸û¦h½g´T¨Ó»¡©ú¡C¹ï©ó¡u¬°¤°»ò¦Y¬õ¦×¬O¦MÀIªºì¦]¡v(Why meats are so dangerous? )¡A¥@¬ÉÀù¯g¬ã¨s°òª÷·|( World Cancer Research Fund )§@¦p¦¹¸ÑÄÀ: °ª·Å²iµN¡Bªo¬µ¡B¿N¯N¦×Ãþ³£·|²£¥Í³\¦hPÀù¤Æ¦Xª«(Heterocyclic amines, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons µ¥)¡C¥@¬ÉµÛ¦WªºÂåÀø¤Î¬ã¨s¾÷ºc¡A§J§Q¤ÒÂŶE©Ò ( The Cleveland Clinic )¡A¹ªÀy¥Á²³ª`«´Óª«Àç¾i¥H¨ú¥N¦×Ãþ¡A¨Ã¥BªÖ©w¯À¹¥i¥H¹w¨¾³\¦h¯f¯g¡A°§CÁx©T¾J¡B°ª¦åÀ£¡B´î¤Ö±o¤ß¦åºÞªý¶ë©ÎÀù¯gµ¥µ¥ªº·ÀI(14-III)¡C¸Ó¶E©Ò¤½¥¬¡A®Ú¾Ú³Ì·sªº¬ã¨s²Îp¡A¤wÃÒ¹ê®ø¶OªÌ°¾¹¦×Ãþ( ¬õ¦×©MÂû¦× )©ö±o¡u2«¬¿}§¿¯f¡v¡C¤µ¦~¤E¤ë¡A¡u¨C¤é¬ì¾Ç¡v( Science Daily ) ¥çµoªí°¾¹¬õ¦×©ÎÂû¦×¦Ó±w¤W¡u2«¬¿}§¿¯f¡v¬O»P¦×¤¤¸û°ªªº¦å°ò½èÅK ( heme iron )¦³Ãö ( attribute to their higher content of heme iron in these meats )¡A¦¹ª«·|³y¦¨²ÓM·l¶Ë¤Îª¢©Ê¤ÏÀ³(inflammation )(14-IV, 14-V)¡C¤S¡A¬õ¦× ( red meat¡Aªx«ü¤û¦×¡B½Þ¦×¡B¦Ï¦×µ¥) ¹«~¡A¦b¤HÅ餺²£¥Íªº»Ã¯À¡A¤wÃÒ©ú»P¤j¸zÀù¤Î¨ä¥LÀù¯g¦³ª½±µÃöÁp¡A¨Ã¥B®e©ö¨ë¿E¸zµßªº´þªø¡C¦×¤¤¥[¤Jªº¨¾»G¾¯ (nitrites and nitrates ) ¦b¶i¤J¤HÅ餧«áÂàÅܬ°nitrosamines ¤Æ¾Çª«½è¡A³y¦¨²ÓMDNA ªº·l¶Ë¡A©ö¾ÉPÀù¯g( ¥Dn¬OGÀù¤Î¤j¸zÀù )¡C¡u¥@¬É°·±d²Õ´¡v ( World Health Organization ) ¦¤w¦b2015¦~¤½§G¡A¥[¤u¦×«~¨Ò¦p»¸z¡B¤õ»L¡B°ö®Úµ¥¬°PÀùª«(15-I, 15-II)¡C®Ú¾Ú¬ã¨s¸ê®Æ¡A^°ê¨C¦~¤j¬ù¦³¤W¸U¤H¦]ÄáÅ@¸¢Àù¦ÓP©R¡Aµ´¤j¦h¼Æ¬O¦]¬°°¾«¦×¹¡C¥@¬ÉÀù¯g¬ã¨s°òª÷·|¤Î¬ü°êÀù¯g¬ã¨s¤¤¤ß¯S§Oµoªí¤F¡u±±¨î©ÎÁקK¥¤»s«~¥i´î§C±w«e¦C¸¢Àùªº·ÀI¡vªº«ü¤Þ¡C ¶°¬ù¹A³õªº³]p¨ä¹ê¬OÁc´ÞP©R¯f¬rªº³Ì¨Î·Å§É¡A¦]¬°¦³¤W¤d¤W¸UӰʪ«¤é©]¥Í¬¡¦bÁT«K¤¤¡C¬ü°ê·s»D´CÅé¸g±`¥X²{Ãö©ó¦×Ãþ¡B¨Å¹T¾D¬F©²°Ç¥OºM¦^ªº³ø¾É¡A³Ìªñªº¬O¦b¤µ¦~¤»¤ë¡A¨â¸U¦h½S¤û¦×ªg¬V¤j¸z±ìµß ( E. Coli )(16)¡C¤£½×¬OÂû¦×¡B½Þ¦×¡B¤û¦×¡A³£¬O¨Ó¦Ûº¡¦a±Æªnª«ªº¾i´Þ¼t¡AÁT¤f¶Ç¬V¬O¯fµß´²¼½ªº¥Dn³~®|¡A¦pªG°Êª«¦b±O®_«e¥¼±N¨¤Wªg¬VªºÁTª«¬~²b¡A«Ü®e©ö¤Þ°_¹ª«¤¤¬r¡C¦Ü©óÂû¦×¡A³Ì±`¨£ªº¹ª«¤¤¬r¬O¨Ó¦Û¸z¹D±ìµßÃþ( Salmonella¤ÎCampylobacter )¡A¬Æ¦Ü·|¾ÉPºC©ÊÃö¸`ª¢¡C¦¹¥~¡A°Êª«¨C¤Ñµ¹ªA¥Î§Ü¥Í¯À¡A¤@¤è±¬O¬°¤F¹w¨¾¯f¬Ì·P¬V¡C¦b¥xÆW¡A¸Ñ¨M¬Ì±¡Ãzµoªº¤èªk¬O¥Î·¥´Ý§Ôªº¤â¬q±N°Êª«¥þ±¼³±þ(17)¡C¤£¦ý¦p¦¹¡A±K¶°¥Í²£¥²¶·¨Ï¥Î¤j¶qªº§Ü¥Í¯À¡Aµ¥©ó¬O¦b°ö´Ó¡B¼WüL¯fµßªº§ÜÃÄ©Ê¡A¥i¸g¥Ñ¤gÄ[¡BªÅ®ð©M¦a¤U¤ôµ¥¶Ç¼½¡A³y¦¨´c©Ê´`Àô¡C¾Ú¥»¤ë¬ü°êPBS¤½¦@¼s¼½ (18-I, 18-II)¡A¥þ¥@¬Éªº§Ü¥Í¯Àµ´¤j¦h¼Æ¬O¥Î¦b¾i´Þ¼t¡A¤@¥¹ÃÄ©Ê¥¢®Ä¡A¹ï¤HÅé¤Å¦¤»µÆªº¦UºØ¯e¯f¡B¶}¤M¤â³N«áªº¹w¨¾ªvÀø¡A¤]´N¥u¦nÅ¥¤Ñ¥Ñ©R¡CÂå¾Ç¬É¤w·V«Äµ§i¡A§Ü¥Í¯Àªº¦~¥N±N¥i¯à¨«¶i¾ú¥v( the age of antibiotics may come to an end )¡Cªº½T¡A¥Ø«e¦³¨Ç§Ü¥Í¯À¤w¤£¦A¥Í®Ä¡C¨Ò¦p¦b2016¦~2¤ë¡A®ý¦¿¤j¾ÇªþÄÝÂå°|ÃzµoP©R©ÊªÍª¢¯g¡A¨ä¤¤¦³¤¦ì¯f±w¦b¤â³N¦¨¥\¤§«á¡A«o·P¬V¤FªÍª¢¡A²×¦]¤ºÅ¦¥\¯à¥¢®Ä¤Î±Ñ¦å¯g¦Ó¦º¤`¡AÂå¥Í̧ô¤âµLµ¦(19-I, 19-II ) ¡C¦pªG¶°¬ù¾i´Þ¤è¦¡¤£¹ý©³¼o°£¡A¦Ó¨ä¹B§@¥²¶·n¨Ì¿à§Ü¥Í¯À( ¦b¬ü°ê80% ¬O¥Î¦b¾i´Þ¼t )¡A±¹ï³oºØ±¡ªp¡AÀô¹Ò¬ì¾Ç®a̾á¼~«Ü¥i¯à¦b2050¦~¡A¥þ¥@¬É±N·|¦³10¦Ê¸U¤H¦]§Ü¥Í¯À¥¢®Ä¦Ó³à©R(20)¡C ³Ì«á¡AÃö©ó¤û¥¤ªº¹¦w°ÝÃD¡A®ø¶OªÌÀ³¦³©Òĵı¡C¦b¤j¦ÛµM¥À¥¤¬OÀ¦¨àªº¹ª«¡A¦Ó¤HÃþ¬O¦a²y¤W°ß¤@±N¤û¥¤¥Î¨Ó·í§@´¶³q¶¼®Æªºª«ºØ¡C¤û¥¤ªº¦¨¤À¨Ã¤£³æ¯Â¡A°£¤F±þÂξ¯¡B°£¯ó¾¯¡B§Ü¥Í¯À¡AÁÙ§t¦³¦hºØ²üº¸»X¡A³o¨Ç³£¬O¥Î¨Ó¨ë¿E¥Íªøªº¿E¯À¡A¤£¦ý·|¼vÅT¥þ¨²ÓMªº·s³¯¥NÁ¤ΧK¬Ì¨t²Î¡AÁÙ·|¤Þ°_±¡ºü¤Wªºªi°Ê¡C¤û¥¤¨Å«~§@¬°¤é±`¶¼¹·|¥[«µÇŦªºt¾á¡A¥H¦Ü©óµLªk½Õ¸`¡B±Æ°£³J¥Õ½èªº³Ñ¾lª«½è¡A¨ÏÅ餺»ÄÆPÈ¥¢¥h¥¿Å¡C¹L¦hÁC»Ä½è·|¾ÉP¶tªº¬y¥¢¡A¨Ï°©½èÅܪº²¨ÃP¡A¥Ñ¦¹¥i¨£¡A¤û¥¤¬O¤£¦ÛµM¡B¤£°·±dªº¶¼®Æ¡C¬°¤F¼W¥[¥À¤ûªº¤û¥¤¥Í²£¶q¡A·~ªÌ¦õ¥H¿E¯À»P°ò¦]¤uµ{¡A¦]¦¹µ´¤j¦h¼Æ¥À¤û±w¦³P©R©Êªº¨Å¸¢ª¢¥H¤Î¶_¦æªº¯fµh¡C®ø¶OªÌúÒ³Q»X¦b¹ªùØ¡A®í¤£ª¾¨C¤Ñ³Üªº¤û¥¤¡A¹¥Îªº¨Å«~¦p°_¥q¡B²¢ÂI¡B¦B²N²Oµ¥µ¥¡A§t¦³¨Ó¦Û¥À¤û¨Å¸¢ª¢¼ìºÅªºÁw²G( pus )(21)¡C³o¬O¬°¤°»ò·U¨Ó·U¦h¤H§ï¥Î¥N´À¨Å«~¡A¨Ò¦p§ö¤¯¥¤¡B¨§¼ß¡B°íªG¥¤¡B¿P³Á¥¤µ¥¦w¥þ¡B°·±d¡B¬@±Ï¦a²yªº¶¼®Æ¡C ¹Ï¤ù¨Ó¦Û¼§±¤°Êª« Mercy For Animals µ²»y: ¤£¦P©ó¦´Á´åªªªÀ·|¡A²{¥N¤H»P¹¦×ªºÃö«Y¤£¦A¬O¬°¤F¥Í¦s¡A¦Ó¬O³vº¥ºtÅܦ¨¤f¨ý¤Wªº¨É¨ü¡C´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A¹ï¤j¦h¼Æªº¤H¦Ó¨¥¡A¤H»P¦×¹ªºÃö«Y¤w³Q°Ó·~¤Æ¡A¤£ª¾¤£Ä±ªºÂ૬¬°¸gÀÙÃö«Y¡C¥Ø«e¦a²y¤H¤f¬°7.4 »õ¡A¨Ã¥B¦b³v¦~¼W¥[¡A¦ôp¦b2053¦~±N°ª¹F¦Ü10»õ¡C¦pªG¤HÌ°í«ù°¾¹¦×Ãþ¡A¦×«~¥Í²£²v¶Õ¥²¿¼W¡A¹ï¥ÍºAªº¯}Ãa¥i·Q¦Óª¾¡A±N¨Ï¦a²y§Ä§Ä¥i¦M¡A¹ï¤W»õªº½Þ¡B¤û¡BÂû¨Ó»¡¡A¸Ñ©ñ¤§¤ê§ó¬O»»»»µL´Á¡C¦b¦¹±¡ªp¤U¡AÁöµM¤HÃþ¦Û©^¬°¸Uª«¤§ÆF¡AúÒÅܦ¨¤F¦a²y¤Wªº¨aº×¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A¤HÃþ«D·à¡B«Dªê¡A¬OÄÝ©ó¯À¹ªºÆFªøÃþ( ¨ä¹ª«ÁÙ¥]¬A©øÂÎ )¡Cºî¦X¥H¤W´X¶µ¤ÀªR³ø¾É¡A§^¤H¥i¥HªÖ©w¡A¥þ²y¯À¹¹B°Ê¬O¾ú¥vºt¶iªº¥²µMÁͶաA n§áÂà´X¤d¦~¨Ó¤H©Êªº¼É¤O¶É¦V¡A¥HÝ·R¡B§Q¥LªºÅX°Ê¤O( effective altruism )¡A±q·s«Ø¥ß ¤@Ó»P¦a²y¥Í©R¦@¦s¦@ºa( live and let live ) ªº·Oµ½¤å©ú¡C µù1. Factory Farms - A Well-Fed World.http://awfw.org/factory-farms/ ¨ä¥L°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ: §@ªÌ¡n
ÃöÃh¥Í©R¨ó·|
¥Á°ê¤K¤Q¤@¦~ªì¡A¥Ñ¦¹¡u®À³½¡v¦]½t¡A¦³¤ß¤§¤h¥þ¤O¦¨¥ß²Õ´¡A¦³p¹º¦a§@ªø´Á©Êªº±Ð¨|«Å¾É¡A§â¡u·RÅ@¥ÍÆF¡A¬Ã±¤ª«©R¡vªºÆ[©À²`´Ó¤H¤ß¡C©ó¬O¼ö¤ßÅTÀ³¨Ã¦¨¥ß¡uÃöÃh¥Í©R¨ó·|¡v¡C ¡°¥H¤W¤å³¹¯ÂÄݧ@ªÌ¨£¸Ñ¡A«D¥»¯¸¥ß³õ
¬ÛÃö¤å³¹¡G
ÀH¾÷¤å³¹¡G
|
|
|||
«Øij¨Ï¥ÎIE7.0¥H¤W, FireFox 3.0¥H¤W, ChromªºÂsÄý¾¹¡AÂsø°¼Ò¦¡1024x768 ¥»ºô¯¸¤º®e¡B¹Ï®×¡BµÛ§@Åv ¤Î³d¥ôÂk§@ªÌ©Ò¦³¡A¸T¤î¥¼¸g±ÂÅvÂà¶K¸`¿ý¨Ï¥Î © 1997-2024 suiis|¯À©ö All Rights Reserved. |